Atlantic Mackerel Deserve a Break!!

Why it’s time to shut down the fishery—and finally give this species a real chance to recover.

A Vital Species in Trouble

Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) have long been a cornerstone of the marine food web and a prized target for both commercial and recreational fisheries along the U.S. East Coast. But in recent years, warning signs have grown impossible to ignore. Scientific assessments have raised red flags about the stock's health, prompting urgent calls for stronger management to prevent a total collapse.

Overfished for Decades

For decades, chronic overfishing was enabled by insufficient science and overly optimistic management frameworks. Management decisions were made using unreliable data—leading to unsustainable harvest levels that depleted the stock to dangerously low levels.

It wasn’t until 2018 that the first comprehensive, peer-reviewed stock assessment was completed. That assessment confirmed that:

• The Atlantic mackerel stock was overfished

• Overfishing had been occurring for decades

• And previous data were not reliable enough to guide sound management decisions

Since then, the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council (MAFMC) has attempted to rebuild the stock—twice. Both efforts have failed.

A Pattern of Failed Rebuilding Plans

Framework 23: A Weak First Attempt

In 2019, the MAFMC responded to the 2018 stock assessment by implementing Framework 13, its first rebuilding plan. But the plan was inadequate from the start.

Catch limits remained too high for the depleted population. In 2021, a Canadian TRAC (Transboundary Resources Assessment Committee) assessment confirmed that:

• The stock remained overfished

• Overfishing was still happening—even under reduced catch levels

Under the Magnuson-Stevens Act, this triggered a legal requirement for a new rebuilding plan.

Amendment 23: A Second Still-Flawed Effort

In 2023, the MAFMC introduced Amendment 23, aimed at rebuilding the stock by 2032. The plan included:

• A revised Acceptable Biological Catch (ABC) of 8,094 metric tons, with:

  • Deductions for Canadian catch (2,197 mt)

  • U.S. recreational catch (2,143 mt)

  • Commercial discards (115 mt)

  • Leaving a U.S. commercial quota of 3,639 mt

• A 20-fish recreational possession limit

• A three-stage closure system to reduce overharvesting

The problem? The plan relied heavily on pre-2009 data—including years before the stock crash and assessments previously deemed unreliable.

Conservationists Sounded the Alarm

At the final vote on Amendment 23, BNEC and other conservation groups warned that the plan was repeating the very mistakes that caused the crisis in the first place.

We urged the Council to:

• Use only post-2009 data—when the collapse became evident

• Base decisions on the best available science:

  • The 2018 benchmark assessment

  • The 2021 TRAC report

  • The 2023 update

• Reject overly optimistic projections that falsely assumed high recruitment and stock resilience

We warned that relying on outdated and inflated estimates would allow overfishing to continue—and stall recovery.

We were right.

A Tipping Point

In August 2023, NOAA Fisheries implemented emergency action and shut down the directed mackerel fishery for the remainder of the year. The most recent stock assessments confirmed that while overfishing had stopped, there was an “unexpected failure of the stock to rebuild,” and warned that overfishing could occur again if 2023 catch limits were met.

New adjusted catch limits for 2024-2025

These adjustments include:​

• Reduced ABC: Lowered to 3,200 mt

• Reduced Commercial Quota: Lowered to 868 mt

The Law Is Clear

Under the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (MSA):

• Overfishing must stop immediately

• A rebuilding plan must be implemented within two years

• The stock must be rebuilt within 10 years, unless prevented by environmental conditions

These mandates are not optional. They exist to protect the long-term health of fish populations—and the communities that depend on them.

Atlantic Mackerel Deserve a Break!

Atlantic mackerel have been pushed to the brink by decades of mismanagement. Weak rebuilding plans, inflated assumptions, and political compromises have delayed real recovery.

Closing the fishery is not just an emergency stopgap—it’s a legal and ecological imperative.

It’s time to give this species the break it needs—and rebuild a fishery that can actually last.

The Race to Save the North Atlantic Right Whale

A critically endangered species is dying in devastating ways—and we have the power to change that.

North Atlantic right whale named "Kilo" breaching off the coast of Massachusetts. Photo credit: Mass.gov Division of Fish and Wildlife

A Species on the Brink

The North Atlantic right whale is critically endangered, with fewer than 350 individuals and 80 breeding females remaining. Tragically, more of these whales are dying each year than are being born—and their deaths are not natural. They are the victims of human activity, particularly ship strikes and entanglement in fishing gear, which inflicts slow, painful deaths through starvation, infection, or exhaustion.

The Toll of Entanglement

Chronic entanglement limits a whale’s ability to swim, feed, and reproduce. It often leads to prolonged suffering, impacting the whale’s health and behavior for months—or even years—before death.

One harrowing example is captured in a documented case study: The whale, identified as the 2011 calf of whale #3293, was born in December 2010. He was seen several times during his first year, appearing healthy and unentangled. But by January 28, 2012, he was never seen alive again. (Pictures of entangled calf 2011 are below). After his death, researchers found him entangled in U.S. trap/pot gear with two weak links—designed to break under pressure—still intact. The links failed to release, sealing his fate. (Morin et al. 2018, as cited in Sharpe et al. 2019). This heartbreaking story is just one of many. Entanglement is not only an animal welfare crisis—it’s a conservation emergency.

A Turning Point for the Right Whale

Without immediate, science-based interventions, we risk losing this iconic species within our lifetime. But there is hope—if we act now.

What Can Be Done?

1. Ropeless (On-Demand) Fishing Gear

This innovative gear eliminates vertical lines in the water column—one of the leading causes of entanglements.

• How it works: Instead of using a fixed buoy, traps are deployed and retrieved via remote signals.

• Why it matters: It protects whales without eliminating fishing opportunities.

2. Time-Area Closures

Temporarily restricting fishing in high-risk areas during peak whale presence can dramatically reduce entanglement.

3. Vessel Speed Restrictions

Collisions with ships are another major cause of whale deaths. Speed limits in certain zones reduce this risk significantly.

What You Can Do

Consumers have power.
When buying lobster or crab, ask:

• Is this product from a whale-safe fishery?

• Does the brand support ropeless gear or gear modifications?

Choosing seafood from low-risk, sustainable fisheries helps protect the North Atlantic right whale and encourages industry-wide change.

BNEC’s Commitment

At BNEC, we’re working to protect this critically endangered species by:

• Advocating for gear modifications like ropeless gear

• Supporting time-area closures to prevent entanglement

• Promoting vessel speed regulations to reduce ship strikes

• Collaborating with sustainable fisheries that want to do better

The Bottom Line

The North Atlantic right whale doesn’t have time to wait. If we fail to act, we may witness the extinction of one of the most iconic species in our waters.

But if we lead with science, compassion, and innovation—we can write a different ending.

Entangled North Atlantic right whale calf #2011